UPSC Prelims 2020 CSAT Paper II · Q57 of 80 Basic Numeracy easy

A sum of ₹ 2,500 is distributed among X, Y and Z in the ratio 1/2 : 3/4 : 5/6. What is the difference between the maximum share and the minimum share?

  1. (a) ₹ 300
  2. (b) ₹ 350
  3. (c) ₹ 400 ✓ UPSC's answer
  4. (d) ₹ 450

Why the answer is (c)

• Convert the fractional ratio 1/2 : 3/4 : 5/6 to whole numbers by multiplying by the LCM of the denominators (12), resulting in 6 : 9 : 10.

• Calculate the total number of parts in the ratio: 6 + 9 + 10 = 25 parts.

• Determine the value of one part by dividing the total sum by the total parts: ₹ 2,500 / 25 = ₹ 100.

• Identify the maximum share (Z) as 10 parts and the minimum share (X) as 6 parts.

• Calculate the difference in parts: 10 - 6 = 4 parts.

• Multiply the difference in parts by the value of one part: 4 * ₹ 100 = ₹ 400, which corresponds to option (c).

Why the other options are wrong

(a) ₹ 300
₹ 300 corresponds to a difference of 3 parts, which does not match the 4-part difference between the maximum and minimum shares.
(b) ₹ 350
₹ 350 is not a multiple of the part value (₹ 100) and does not correspond to any integer difference in the ratio parts.
(d) ₹ 450
₹ 450 corresponds to a difference of 4.5 parts, which is impossible as the ratio parts are integers.

Asked in the CSAT Paper II of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2020, held on 4 October 2020. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.

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