Convertibility of rupee implies
- (a) being able to convert rupee notes into gold
- (b) allowing the value of rupee to be fixed by market forces
- (c) freely permitting the conversion of rupee to other currencies and vice versa ✓ UPSC's answer
- (d) developing an international market for currencies in India
Why the answer is (c)
• Currency convertibility means the freedom to exchange the domestic currency for foreign currencies (and vice versa) at market rates without restrictions — option (c).
• India adopted current-account convertibility in 1994 (Article VIII of the IMF); capital-account convertibility remains partial, as recommended in stages by the Tarapore Committees.
• Conversion to gold (a) is the old gold standard; a market-determined exchange rate (b) is 'floating', a related but distinct concept; (d) describes a forex market.
• Hence option (c).
Why the other options are wrong
- (a) being able to convert rupee notes into gold
- Gold conversion is the gold standard, not convertibility.
- (b) allowing the value of rupee to be fixed by market forces
- Market-determined value is a floating rate, not convertibility.
- (d) developing an international market for currencies in India
- Developing a currency market is not what convertibility means.
Asked in the GS Paper I of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2015, held on 23 August 2015. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.