UPSC Prelims 2021 CSAT Paper II · Q80 of 79 Basic Numeracy easy

A man completes 7/8 of a job in 21 days. How many more days will it take him to finish the job if quantum of work is further increased by 50% ?

  1. (a) 24
  2. (b) 21
  3. (c) 18
  4. (d) 15 ✓ UPSC's answer

Why the answer is (d)

• The man completes 7/8 of the job in 21 days, so his work rate is (7/8) / 21 = 1/24 of the job per day.

• The remaining part of the original job is 1 - 7/8 = 1/8.

• The quantum of work is increased by 50%, so the new total work is 1 + 0.5 = 1.5 times the original job.

• The remaining work to be done is the original remaining 1/8 plus the additional 50% of the total job (0.5 * 1.5 = 0.75), totaling 1/8 + 3/4 = 1/8 + 6/8 = 7/8 of the original job.

• Time required = (Remaining Work) / (Rate) = (7/8) / (1/24) = (7/8) * 24 = 21 days.

• Wait, let me re-read carefully. 'How many more days will it take him to finish the job if quantum of work is further increased by 50%?'

• Let's re-calculate. Rate = 1/24 job/day.

• Current status: 7/8 done. Remaining original: 1/8.

• New total work = 1.5 jobs.

• Work already done = 7/8 of 1 job = 0.875 jobs.

• Remaining work = 1.5 - 0.875 = 0.625 jobs = 5/8 jobs.

• Time = (5/8) / (1/24) = (5/8) * 24 = 15 days.

• Therefore, it will take 15 more days.

Why the other options are wrong

(a) 24
24 days is the time to complete the entire original job from scratch, not the remaining work after a 50% increase.
(b) 21
21 days is the time taken to complete 7/8 of the original job, which is irrelevant to the remaining work calculation.
(c) 18
18 days would be the time to complete the remaining 1/8 of the original job plus 50% of the *remaining* work, which is an incorrect interpretation of 'quantum of work increased'.

Asked in the CSAT Paper II of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2021, held on 10 October 2021. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.

Reading the answer is not the same as getting it right under a clock. Practise this question with UPSC's negative marking, and anything you miss goes into an error notebook until you get it right twice.

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