P's salary is 20% lower than Q's salary which is 20% lower than R's salary. By how much percent is R's salary more than P's salary?
- (a) 48·75%
- (b) 56·25% ✓ UPSC's answer
- (c) 60·50%
- (d) 62·25%
Why the answer is (b)
• Let R's salary be 100 units.
• Q's salary is 20% lower than R's, so Q = 100 - 20 = 80 units.
• P's salary is 20% lower than Q's, so P = 80 - (20% of 80) = 80 - 16 = 64 units.
• The difference between R's and P's salary is 100 - 64 = 36 units.
• To find by what percent R is more than P, calculate (Difference / P's Salary) * 100 = (36 / 64) * 100.
• This simplifies to 0.5625 * 100 = 56.25%, which matches option (b).
Why the other options are wrong
- (a) 48·75%
- 48.75% is incorrect because it does not result from the correct calculation of (36/64)*100.
- (c) 60·50%
- 60.50% is incorrect because it does not result from the correct calculation of (36/64)*100.
- (d) 62·25%
- 62.25% is incorrect because it does not result from the correct calculation of (36/64)*100.
Asked in the CSAT Paper II of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2024, held on 16 June 2024. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.