A Main Statement is followed by four Statements labelled P, Q, R and S. Choose the ordered pair of the Statements where the first Statement implies the second, and the two Statements are logically consistent with the Main Statement. Main Statement : Pradeep becomes either a Director or a Producer. Statement P : Pradeep is a Director. Statement Q : Pradeep is a Producer. Statement R : Pradeep is not a Director. Statement S : Pradeep is not a Producer. Select the correct answer.
- (a) SP only
- (b) RQ only
- (c) Both SP and RQ ✓ UPSC's answer
- (d) Neither SP nor RQ
Why the answer is (c)
• The main statement says Pradeep becomes a Director or a Producer — at least one of the two.
• S → P: if he is not a Producer, he must be a Director. S implies P, and both fit the main statement.
• R → Q: if he is not a Director, he must be a Producer. R implies Q, and both fit the main statement.
• (Pairs like P → S do not work, because being a Director does not rule out also being a Producer.)
• Both SP and RQ qualify — option (c).
Why the other options are wrong
- (a) SP only
- Option (a) is incorrect because it excludes the valid pair RQ, where 'Pradeep is not a Director' logically implies 'Pradeep is a Producer'.
- (b) RQ only
- Option (b) is incorrect because it excludes the valid pair SP, where 'Pradeep is not a Producer' logically implies 'Pradeep is a Director'.
- (d) Neither SP nor RQ
- Option (d) is incorrect because both pairs SP and RQ are logically valid implications derived from the Main Statement.
Asked in the CSAT Paper II of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2024, held on 16 June 2024. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.