Which of the following conclusions is/are correct? 1. All landlords essentially have some goodness trapped within them. 2. The common grazing grounds of a village are intended for use by the cattle of that village. 3. Landlords who believe in tradition tend to be more concerned about their tenants. 4. Winds later in the day tend to be cooler post the hot winds of the morning. Select the answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 3
- (b) 2 and 4
- (c) 3 only ✓ UPSC's answer
- (d) 2 only
Why the answer is (c)
• Statement 1 is incorrect because the passage explicitly contrasts the Rai Sahib with 'selfish Zamindars' who would prioritize profit over tenants, implying not all landlords possess inherent goodness.
• Statement 2 is incorrect because the text states cattle from 'nearby villages' came to graze, indicating the common ground serves a broader area rather than being intended solely for the cattle of the specific village where the land is located.
• Statement 3 is correct as the passage attributes the Rai Sahib's refusal to lease the land to his adherence to 'old values' and the belief that a landlord must look after his tenants, linking traditional beliefs with tenant welfare.
• Statement 4 is incorrect because the passage describes the 'loo' wind as 'scorching' and causing 'dying of heat' later in the day, whereas the morning air is described as having a 'cool freshness', meaning winds later in the day are hotter, not cooler.
• Therefore, only statement 3 is a valid conclusion based on the passage, making option (c) the correct answer.
Why the other options are wrong
- (a) 1 and 3
- Statement 1 is invalid because the passage identifies 'selfish Zamindars' who lack concern for tenants, disproving the claim that all landlords have goodness.
- (b) 2 and 4
- Statement 4 is factually opposite to the text, which states the later 'loo' wind is scorching and hot, not cooler than the morning.
- (d) 2 only
- Statement 2 is incorrect because the passage specifies that cattle from 'nearby villages' used the ground, not just the cattle of the local village.
Asked in the CSAT Paper II of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2026, held on 24 May 2026. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.