UPSC Prelims 2026 CSAT Paper II · Q67 of 70 Logical Reasoning easy

If ZERO is encoded as ADSN, then how do you encode STOP?

  1. (a) SPOT
  2. (b) TSPO ✓ UPSC's answer
  3. (c) TSOP
  4. (d) POST

Why the answer is (b)

• The encoding rule is determined by reversing the order of the letters in the word.

• In the example, ZERO becomes ADSN, which is the reverse of Z-E-R-O.

• Applying this same rule to the word STOP, we reverse its letters.

• The reverse of S-T-O-P is P-O-T-S.

• Wait, let me re-evaluate the example. ZERO -> ADSN. Z(26) -> A(1), E(5) -> D(4), R(18) -> S(19), O(15) -> N(14). This is not a simple reverse.

• Let's look at the positions: Z(26) -> A(1) is -25 or +1 (cyclic). E(5) -> D(4) is -1. R(18) -> S(19) is +1. O(15) -> N(14) is -1. This pattern is inconsistent.

• Let's look at the options for STOP. If the answer is TSPO, let's see the mapping. S->T (+1), T->S (-1), O->P (+1), P->O (-1). This is an alternating +1, -1, +1, -1 pattern.

• Let's check this pattern on ZERO. Z->A (+1 cyclic), E->D (-1), R->S (+1), O->N (-1). This matches perfectly.

• So the rule is: 1st letter +1, 2nd letter -1, 3rd letter +1, 4th letter -1.

• Applying to STOP: S(+1)=T, T(-1)=S, O(+1)=P, P(-1)=O.

• The result is TSPO.

Why the other options are wrong

(a) SPOT
SPOT does not follow the alternating +1, -1, +1, -1 substitution pattern.
(c) TSOP
TSOP incorrectly applies the pattern, likely swapping the last two letters or using a different logic.
(d) POST
POST does not follow the alternating +1, -1, +1, -1 substitution pattern.

Asked in the CSAT Paper II of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2026, held on 24 May 2026. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.

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