In India, markets in agricultural products are regulated under the
- (a) Essential Commodities Act, 1955
- (b) Agricultural Produce Market Committee Act enacted by States ✓ UPSC's answer
- (c) Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937
- (d) Food Products Order, 1956 and Meat and Food Products Order, 1973
Why the answer is (b)
• Agricultural marketing is a State subject; markets (mandis) are regulated under each State's Agricultural Produce Market Committee Act, which sets up market yards, licenses traders and levies market fees — option (b).
• The Essential Commodities Act (a) controls stock limits and hoarding; the 1937 Act (c) provides AGMARK grading; the Food Products Orders (d) regulate processing standards.
• The 2020 farm laws (repealed 2021) sought to bypass APMC monopolies.
• Hence option (b).
Why the other options are wrong
- (a) Essential Commodities Act, 1955
- The ECA regulates stocks and prices, not markets.
- (c) Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937
- The 1937 Act concerns grading (AGMARK).
- (d) Food Products Order, 1956 and Meat and Food Products Order, 1973
- Food Products Orders regulate processing, not markets.
Asked in the GS Paper I of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2015, held on 23 August 2015. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.