With reference to the art and archaeological history of India, which one among the following was made earliest?
- (a) Lingaraja Temple at Bhubaneswar
- (b) Rock-cut Elephant at Dhauli ✓ UPSC's answer
- (c) Rock-cut Monuments at Mahabalipuram
- (d) Varaha Image at Udayagiri
Why the answer is (b)
• The rock-cut elephant at Dhauli near Bhubaneswar, carved above Ashoka's rock edicts around 260 BCE, is among the earliest known Indian rock sculptures — option (b).
• The Varaha image at Udayagiri (d) is Gupta, c. 400 CE; the Mahabalipuram monuments (c) are Pallava, 7th century; the Lingaraja temple (a) is Somavamshi, c. 11th century.
• Hence option (b).
Why the other options are wrong
- (a) Lingaraja Temple at Bhubaneswar
- Lingaraja temple is 11th century.
- (c) Rock-cut Monuments at Mahabalipuram
- Mahabalipuram is 7th century.
- (d) Varaha Image at Udayagiri
- Udayagiri Varaha is c. 400 CE, later than Dhauli.
Asked in the GS Paper I of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2015, held on 23 August 2015. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.