UPSC Prelims 2018 GS Paper I · Q30 of 100 Economy easy

International Labour Organization's Conventions 138 and 182 are related to

  1. (a) Child labour ✓ UPSC's answer
  2. (b) Adaptation of agricultural practices to global climate change
  3. (c) Regulation of food prices and food security
  4. (d) Gender parity at the workplace

Why the answer is (a)

• ILO Convention 138 (1973) sets the minimum age for employment (generally 15, or 14 for developing countries), and Convention 182 (1999) requires elimination of the worst forms of child labour — slavery, trafficking, hazardous work — option (a).

• India ratified both in June 2017 after amending its Child Labour Act in 2016; Convention 182 became the first universally ratified ILO convention in 2020.

• The other options concern climate, food security and gender, covered by other instruments.

• Hence option (a).

Why the other options are wrong

(b) Adaptation of agricultural practices to global climate change
Climate adaptation is not an ILO convention subject.
(c) Regulation of food prices and food security
Food prices are not covered by these conventions.
(d) Gender parity at the workplace
Gender parity conventions are 100 and 111, not 138 and 182.

Asked in the GS Paper I of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2018, held on 3 June 2018. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.

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