Who among the following were the founders of the "Hind Mazdoor Sabha" established in 1948 ?
- (a) B. Krishna Pillai, E.M.S. Namboodiripad and K.C. George
- (b) Jayaprakash Narayan, Deen Dayal Upadhyay and M.N. Roy
- (c) C.P. Ramaswamy Iyer, K. Kamaraj and Veeresalingam Pantulu
- (d) Ashok Mehta, T.S. Ramanujam and G.G. Mehta ✓ UPSC's answer
Why the answer is (d)
• The Hind Mazdoor Sabha was founded in Kolkata in December 1948 by socialists who left the Communist-dominated AITUC and the Congress-linked INTUC; its founders included Ashok Mehta, T.S. Ramanujam, G.G. Mehta, Basawon Singh and R.S. Ruikar — option (d).
• Hence option (d).
Why the other options are wrong
- (a) B. Krishna Pillai, E.M.S. Namboodiripad and K.C. George
- These are Kerala communist leaders, not HMS founders.
- (b) Jayaprakash Narayan, Deen Dayal Upadhyay and M.N. Roy
- Upadhyay and Roy belonged to different political streams.
- (c) C.P. Ramaswamy Iyer, K. Kamaraj and Veeresalingam Pantulu
- These Madras figures had no role in HMS.
Asked in the GS Paper I of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2018, held on 3 June 2018. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.