UPSC Prelims 2019 GS Paper I · Q35 of 100 Environment & Ecology medium

Consider the following : 1. Carbon monoxide 2. Methane 3. Ozone 4. Sulphur dioxide Which of the above are released into atmosphere due to the burning of crop/biomass residue?

  1. (a) 1 and 2 only
  2. (b) 2, 3 and 4 only
  3. (c) 1 and 4 only
  4. (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 ✓ UPSC's answer

Why the answer is (d)

• Burning crop residue is incomplete combustion of biomass and releases a cocktail of pollutants.

• It emits carbon monoxide (1) and methane (2) directly, along with CO2, particulate matter and volatile organic compounds.

• Sulphur dioxide (4) is released from the sulphur in plant matter, and nitrogen oxides plus VOCs react in sunlight to form ground-level ozone (3).

• Stubble burning in Punjab–Haryana is thus a major contributor to Delhi's winter smog.

• Hence 1, 2, 3 and 4, option (d).

Why the other options are wrong

(a) 1 and 2 only
Ozone (secondary) and SO2 are also produced.
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
Carbon monoxide is a major product of biomass burning.
(c) 1 and 4 only
Methane and ozone are also released/formed.

Asked in the GS Paper I of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2019, held on 2 June 2019. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.

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