Under which Schedule of the Constitution of India can the transfer of tribal land to private parties for mining be declared null and void?
- (a) Third Schedule
- (b) Fifth Schedule ✓ UPSC's answer
- (c) Ninth Schedule
- (d) Twelfth Schedule
Why the answer is (b)
• The Fifth Schedule governs Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes in States other than the north-east; under Paragraph 5 the Governor may regulate or prohibit transfer of land by or among tribals.
• In Samatha v. State of Andhra Pradesh (1997) the Supreme Court held that leasing tribal land in Scheduled Areas to private mining companies is null and void under the Fifth Schedule — option (b).
• The Third Schedule (a) contains oaths; the Ninth (c) shields listed laws; the Twelfth (d) lists municipal functions.
• Hence option (b).
Why the other options are wrong
- (a) Third Schedule
- The Third Schedule contains forms of oaths.
- (c) Ninth Schedule
- The Ninth Schedule protects listed laws from challenge.
- (d) Twelfth Schedule
- The Twelfth Schedule lists municipal functions.
Asked in the GS Paper I of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2019, held on 2 June 2019. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.