With reference to Indian history, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. The Nizamat of Arcot emerged out of Hyderabad State. 2. The Mysore Kingdom emerged out of Vijayanagara Empire. 3. Rohilkhand Kingdom was formed out of the territories occupied by Ahmad Shah Durrani. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- (a) 1 and 2 ✓ UPSC's answer
- (b) 2 only
- (c) 2 and 3
- (d) 3 only
Why the answer is (a)
• Statement 1 is correct: the Nawabs of Arcot (Carnatic) began as deputies (Nizamat) under the Nizam of Hyderabad, who was himself the Mughal Subedar of the Deccan, and became autonomous under Saadatullah Khan and Dost Ali.
• Statement 2 is correct: the Wodeyar kingdom of Mysore was a feudatory of Vijayanagara that asserted independence after the empire's collapse following Talikota (1565).
• Statement 3 is wrong: Rohilkhand was carved out by Afghan Rohilla chiefs (Ali Muhammad Khan) from Mughal territory in the 1720s–40s, before Ahmad Shah Durrani's invasions.
• Hence 1 and 2, option (a).
Why the other options are wrong
- (b) 2 only
- Statement 1 is also correct: Arcot emerged under Hyderabad's Nizamat.
- (c) 2 and 3
- Statement 3 is wrong: Rohilkhand predates Durrani's conquests.
- (d) 3 only
- Statement 3 is wrong; statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Asked in the GS Paper I of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2021, held on 10 October 2021. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.