Which one of the following statements reflects the best explanation of the above passage ?
- (a) It emphasizes the inability of the State to enforce its will in practice against the opposition of certain groups within it.
- (b) It is a cooperative organization for the promotion of the well-being and development of the personality of its members.
- (c) It takes individuals out of a state of isolation and gives them a chance to participate in the common endeavour. ✓ UPSC's answer
- (d) It permits citizens to have a variety of loyalties and allegiance.
Why the answer is (c)
• The passage describes voluntary associations as a 'buffer' between the 'relatively powerless individual' and the 'potentially powerful State'.
• This metaphor implies that individuals are weak or isolated when facing the State alone.
• By joining a voluntary association, the individual gains strength and a platform to interact with the State.
• Option (c) correctly interprets this by stating that such associations take individuals out of 'isolation' (powerlessness) and enable them to 'participate in the common endeavour' (interact with the State effectively).
• Therefore, the best explanation is that these associations empower isolated individuals to engage with the State.
Why the other options are wrong
- (a) It emphasizes the inability of the State to enforce its will in practice against the…
- The passage states the State is 'potentially powerful', not that it is unable to enforce its will against opposition.
- (b) It is a cooperative organization for the promotion of the well-being and development of…
- The passage focuses on the relationship between the individual and the State, not the internal goal of promoting member personality development.
- (d) It permits citizens to have a variety of loyalties and allegiance.
- The passage highlights the protective and empowering function of associations, not the concept of multiple loyalties or allegiances.
Asked in the CSAT Paper II of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2025, held on 25 May 2025. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.