Consider the following statements : With reference to the Constitution of India, the Directive Principles of State Policy constitute limitations upon 1. legislative function. 2. executive function. Which of the above statements is/are correct ?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2 ✓ UPSC's answer
Why the answer is (d)
• Directive Principles are positive instructions to the State to promote welfare; Article 37 makes them non-justiciable but 'fundamental in governance'.
• Because they are non-enforceable, they do not act as limitations on either legislative or executive action — a law cannot be struck down for violating a DPSP (unlike Fundamental Rights, which are limitations).
• Rather, they are affirmative obligations and guides; Article 31C even protects laws implementing Articles 39(b)–(c).
• Hence neither 1 nor 2, option (d).
Why the other options are wrong
- (a) 1 only
- DPSPs do not limit legislative power; they guide it.
- (b) 2 only
- DPSPs do not limit executive power; they guide it.
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- DPSPs are guides, not limitations, on either function.
Asked in the GS Paper I of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2017, held on 18 June 2017. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.