Consider the following statements : I. Indian Railways have prepared a National Rail Plan (NRP) to create a 'future ready' railway system by 2028. II. 'Kavach' is an Automatic Train Protection system developed in collaboration with Germany. III. 'Kavach' system consists of RFID tags fitted on track in station section. Which of the statements given above are not correct?
- (a) I and II only ✓ UPSC's answer
- (b) II and III only
- (c) I and III only
- (d) I, II and III
Why the answer is (a)
• The question asks which statements are NOT correct.
• Statement I is not correct: the National Rail Plan (2020) aims to create a 'future ready' railway system by 2030, not 2028, with a target of raising rail's freight share to 45%.
• Statement II is not correct: Kavach is an indigenous Automatic Train Protection system developed by the Research Designs and Standards Organisation (RDSO) with Indian firms, not in collaboration with Germany.
• Statement III is correct: Kavach uses RFID tags fixed on the track in station sections and block sections to identify train location, along with onboard units and radio towers.
• Hence I and II only, option (a).
Why the other options are wrong
- (b) II and III only
- Statement III on RFID tags is correct, so it is not among the incorrect ones.
- (c) I and III only
- Statement III is correct; statement II (German collaboration) is the wrong one.
- (d) I, II and III
- Statement III is correct.
Asked in the GS Paper I of the UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2025, held on 25 May 2025. Question and answer key: Union Public Service Commission. Explanation: UPSC Answer Check.