Paper II — Q1
Discuss the following in about 150 words each: (a) Write salient Histological Features of Basic tissues of the Body. (10…
Discuss the following in about 150 words each: (a) Write salient Histological Features of Basic tissues of the Body. (10 marks) (b) Location of superficial lymph nodes of ox. (10 marks) (c) Drugs acting on Fluid Balance. (10 marks) (d) Write about the types of pollution. Also write about sources and signs of water pollution. How to measure the water Quality? (10 marks) (e) Write about the collection, methods of preservation and dispatch of samples from the carcass of suspected rabid dog for laboratory diagnosis. (10 marks)
हिंदी में प्रश्न पढ़ें
निम्नलिखित प्रत्येक पर लगभग 150 शब्दों में चर्चा कीजिए : (a) शरीर के मूल उतकों की प्रमुख उतक वैज्ञानिक विशेषताएं बताइये । (10 अंक) (b) बैल की सतही लसीका ग्रंथियों की अवस्थिति । (10 अंक) (c) द्रव संतुलन पर कार्य करने वाली औषधियां । (10 अंक) (d) प्रदूषण के प्रकार के बारे में लिखिए । जल प्रदूषण के स्रोत और लक्षण के बारे में भी लिखिए । पानी की गुणवत्ता की जांच कैसे करें ? (10 अंक) (e) प्रयोगशाला निदान के लिए संदिग्ध पागल कुत्ते के शव से नमूनों का संग्रह, संरक्षण और प्रेषण के तरीकों के बारे में लिखिये । (10 अंक)
Directive word: Discuss
This question asks you to discuss. The directive word signals the depth of analysis expected, the structure of your answer, and the weight of evidence you must bring.
See our UPSC directive words guide for a full breakdown of how to respond to each command word.
How this answer will be evaluated
Approach
The directive 'discuss' requires a comprehensive yet concise treatment of all five sub-parts with balanced coverage. Allocate approximately 30 words per mark (150 words × 5 parts = 750 total). Structure each sub-part as: brief introduction → core content → key takeaway. For part (a), prioritize epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissue features; (b) emphasize topographical anatomy; (c) classify diuretics and fluid replacers; (d) cover pollution types then focus on water quality parameters; (e) detail cold-chain protocols for rabies diagnosis. Maintain strict word discipline—exceeding 150 words in any part invites penalty.
Key points expected
- (a) Histological features: epithelial (simple/stratified, squamous/columnar/cuboidal with basement membrane), connective (matrix composition, fiber types, cell types), muscular (striated vs. smooth, sarcomere structure), nervous (neurons with Nissl bodies, neuroglia)
- (b) Superficial lymph nodes of ox: parotid (caudal to mandible), mandibular (intermandibular space), prescapular (shoulder), prefemoral (stifle), popliteal (hock), supramammary (udder)—with drainage areas
- (c) Drugs on fluid balance: diuretics (loop, thiazide, potassium-sparing, osmotic), antidiuretics (ADH, desmopressin), fluid replacers (crystalloids, colloids, hypertonic saline), electrolyte solutions
- (d) Pollution types (air, water, soil, noise, thermal); water pollution sources (point—industrial effluents, sewage; non-point—agricultural runoff); signs (algal blooms, BOD rise, fish kills); quality measurement: physicochemical (pH, DO, BOD, COD, TDS, heavy metals), biological (MPN, plankton indices), WQI calculation
- (e) Rabies sample collection: brain tissue (hippocampus, cerebellum, brainstem) via occipital foramen or sawing; preservation in 50% glycerol-saline or formalin for histopathology; cold chain maintenance; triple packaging; IVC rules compliance; information on Form 1
Evaluation rubric
| Dimension | Weight | Max marks | Excellent | Average | Poor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demand-directive understanding | 15% | 7.5 | Demonstrates precise understanding that 'discuss' requires balanced elaboration across all five disparate domains—histology, anatomy, pharmacology, environmental science, and veterinary pathology—without over-emphasizing any single part; respects the 150-word constraint per sub-part as integral to the directive | Covers all five parts but with uneven depth; may misinterpret one sub-part (e.g., describing instead of discussing, or confusing superficial with deep lymph nodes); word allocation slightly skewed | Misinterprets directive as 'describe' or 'list'; omits one or more sub-parts entirely; grossly exceeds word limit in some parts while neglecting others; confuses basic tissue types with organ systems |
| Content depth & accuracy | 25% | 12.5 | Histologically accurate (basement membrane, intercalated discs, Nissl bodies); anatomically precise (lymph node topography with directional terms); pharmacologically sound (mechanism-based classification of diuretics); environmentally current (CPCB water quality standards, BIS 10500); diagnostically protocol-perfect (WHO/IEC rabies guidelines, triple packaging) | Generally correct but with minor errors—e.g., missing one lymph node, confusing hypotonic with hypertonic saline, or citing outdated BOD standards; some technical terms used imprecisely | Fundamental factual errors—e.g., stating smooth muscle is striated, locating prescapular node caudal to scapula, confusing diuretics with anti-diuretics, or suggesting room temperature preservation for rabies samples |
| Structure & flow | 20% | 10 | Each sub-part follows distinct internal logic: (a) tissue-by-tissue progression; (b) craniocaudal anatomical sequence; (c) pharmacological class hierarchy; (d) type→source→sign→measurement cascade; (e) chronological protocol flow; clear visual separation between parts; seamless transitions despite domain shifts | Covers required content but with inconsistent organization—e.g., mixing lymph node locations randomly, or discussing water measurement before sources; some sub-parts well-structured, others rambling | No discernible structure within sub-parts; information presented as disjointed bullet points without logical flow; failure to demarcate between (a) through (e), forcing examiner to hunt for answers |
| Examples / case-law / data | 20% | 10 | Specific data points: BOD <3 mg/L (WHO drinking water), COD/BOD ratio indicators; CPCB's designated best-use classes for Indian rivers; specific diuretics (furosemide, mannitol, spironolactone); reference to IVRI/ICAR rabies diagnostic protocols; mention of Indian environmental legislation (Water Act 1974, EPA 1986) | Generic examples without specificity—e.g., 'some diuretics' without naming, 'water tests' without parameters, or 'cold storage' without temperature specification; Indian context weak or absent | No quantitative data, standard values, or specific drug names; entirely theoretical treatment; no reference to Indian regulatory frameworks or institutional protocols (CPCB, BIS, IVRI, OIE) |
| Conclusion & analytical edge | 20% | 10 | Each sub-part closes with integrative insight: (a) tissue specialization enables organ function; (b) lymph node mapping guides clinical examination; (c) rational diuretic use requires electrolyte monitoring; (d) One Health approach links animal-human-environmental health; (e) laboratory confirmation prevents unnecessary post-exposure prophylaxis—demonstrating veterinary relevance | Some sub-parts end with mere summary rather than synthesis; analytical connection between parts (e.g., fluid balance drugs and water quality) missed; conclusion present but predictable | Abrupt endings without closure; no attempt to connect sub-parts to broader veterinary practice or public health significance; purely descriptive termination in each section |
Practice this exact question
Write your answer, then get a detailed evaluation from our AI trained on UPSC's answer-writing standards. Free first evaluation — no signup needed to start.
Evaluate my answer →More from Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Science 2025 Paper II
- Q1 Discuss the following in about 150 words each: (a) Write salient Histological Features of…
- Q2 (a) Explain the formation of Foetal membranes in mammals with the help of suitable diagra…
- Q3 (a)(i) Elucidate the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical findings and line of treatment of e…
- Q4 (a)(i) Describe the effect of Avian Influenza Virus on Poultry industry and suggest the c…