Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Science 2024 Paper II 50 marks Describe
Paper II — Q8
(a) Describe the social and economic implications of proper utilization of slaughter-house byproducts. (20 marks) (b) Discuss…
(a) Describe the social and economic implications of proper utilization of slaughter-house byproducts. (20 marks) (b) Discuss the preliminary steps required at the field level for controlling an infectious outbreak in animals. (15 marks) (c) Enlist various flavour defects in the market milk, their causes and preventions. (15 marks)
हिंदी में प्रश्न पढ़ें
(a) वधशाला के उपोत्पादों के उचित उपयोग के सामाजिक तथा आर्थिक प्रभावों (निहितार्थों) का वर्णन कीजिए। (20 अंक) (b) पशुओं के संक्रामक प्रकोप को नियंत्रित करने के लिए क्षेत्र स्तर पर आवश्यक प्रारंभिक कदमों पर चर्चा कीजिए। (15 अंक) (c) बाजार के दूध में विभिन्न स्वाद-संबंधी दोषों, उनके कारणों तथा निवारणों को सूचीबद्ध कीजिए। (15 अंक)
Directive word: Describe
This question asks you to describe. The directive word signals the depth of analysis expected, the structure of your answer, and the weight of evidence you must bring.
See our UPSC directive words guide for a full breakdown of how to respond to each command word.
How this answer will be evaluated
Approach
The directive 'describe' for part (a) requires detailed elaboration of social and economic implications, while parts (b) and (c) demand 'discuss' and 'enlist' respectively. Allocate approximately 40% of word budget to part (a) given its 20 marks, with ~30% each to parts (b) and (c). Structure with a brief integrated introduction, three clearly demarcated sections for each sub-part, and a synthesizing conclusion linking byproduct utilization to One Health and dairy economics.
Key points expected
- Part (a): Social implications include employment generation in rendering industries, public health through reduced environmental contamination, and cultural/religious sensitivities; economic implications cover foreign exchange from export of hides, bones, gelatin, and value-added products like pet food and biodiesel
- Part (a): Specific byproducts—edible offals, blood plasma, tallow, meat meal, horn and hoof meal—with their respective utilization pathways and contribution to circular economy
- Part (b): Immediate field-level steps—confirmation of outbreak, notification to authorities, quarantine establishment, movement restriction, preliminary epidemiological investigation, sample collection and preservation, carcass disposal methods (burial, burning, rendering), and disinfection protocols
- Part (b): Biosecurity measures at outbreak site including zoning (infected, surveillance, free zones), personnel protective equipment, and traffic control
- Part (c): Flavour defects—feed flavours (weed, garlic), absorbed flavours (barny, cowy), bacterial flavours (acid, malty, fruity), chemical flavours (oxidized, rancid, sunlight), and miscellaneous (flat, salty); specific causative agents and preventive measures for each
- Part (c): Role of psychrotrophs, lipolysis, proteolysis, and Maillard browning in flavour deterioration; cold chain maintenance and packaging interventions
Evaluation rubric
| Dimension | Weight | Max marks | Excellent | Average | Poor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demand-directive understanding | 20% | 10 | For (a), provides comprehensive descriptive coverage of both social and economic dimensions with clear cause-effect linkages; for (b), treats 'discuss' by presenting field steps in logical operational sequence with justification; for (c), organizes 'enlist' as systematic tabular or categorized presentation ensuring all defect-cause-prevention triads are complete | Addresses all three directives but with uneven depth—(a) may lack integration between social and economic aspects, (b) presents steps as list without operational logic, (c) misses some defect-prevention linkages | Misinterprets directives—treats (a) as mere listing of byproducts without implications, (b) as theoretical outbreak management rather than field-level steps, (c) as incomplete enumeration without causes or preventions |
| Content depth & accuracy | 20% | 10 | Demonstrates specialized knowledge: for (a) cites BIS standards for byproducts, export statistics, and rendering technologies; for (b) references OIE/WOAH guidelines on stamping-out policy and FAO emergency response protocols; for (c) identifies specific microbial species (Pseudomonas, Bacillus) and biochemical pathways (lipoxygenase, auto-oxidation) with precision | Covers standard textbook content with acceptable accuracy but lacks specialized depth—generic mention of 'proper disposal' without methods, 'bacteria cause spoilage' without specific organisms, or 'export earnings' without commodity-wise data | Contains factual errors—confuses rendering with composting, misidentifies zoonotic transmission routes, attributes oxidized flavour to bacterial action, or presents outdated pre-GATT export figures |
| Structure & flow | 20% | 10 | Clear tripartite structure with visible demarcation; within (a), parallel treatment of social and economic streams with interlinkages highlighted; within (b), chronological/operational sequencing of field response; within (c), consistent format (defect-cause-prevention) for each entry; effective signposting and transitional coherence across all 50 marks | Identifiable sections for each part but uneven internal organization—(a) may mix social and economic points, (b) presents steps without priority order, (c) varies format between defects causing readability issues | Poorly structured with merged or indistinguishable parts; no logical sequencing within sections; missing or confusing paragraphing that impedes examiner navigation across the 50-mark response |
| Examples / case-law / data | 20% | 10 | For (a): cites India as 5th largest exporter of bovine hides, contribution of APEDA-monitored slaughterhouse byproduct exports, or leather sector employment data; for (b): references specific Indian outbreaks (avian influenza 2020, lumpy skin disease 2022) and state-level responses; for (c): mentions FSSAI standards for milk quality, NDDB's quality improvement programs, or specific dairy plant case studies | Provides generic or hypothetical examples without specific Indian context—'many countries export hides' without naming India, 'outbreaks occur' without citing actual events, 'milk spoils in summer' without regional data | No examples, data, or case references; entirely theoretical treatment; or irrelevant examples from unrelated sectors that demonstrate failure to connect with Indian animal husbandry context |
| Conclusion & analytical edge | 20% | 10 | Synthesizes across parts to present integrated vision: links byproduct utilization to reduced disease reservoir and improved outbreak control (One Health connection), connects milk quality to consumer confidence and dairy sector profitability; offers forward-looking recommendations on biorefinery approaches, digital disease surveillance, and cold chain modernization; demonstrates policy awareness with reference to PM Matsya Sampada Yojana or National Dairy Plan | Summarizes main points of each part separately without cross-linking; offers generic recommendations without specific policy or technological orientation; conclusion reads as three mini-conclusions rather than integrated synthesis | Absent or abrupt conclusion; mere repetition of points already made; no analytical integration or forward-looking element; demonstrates failure to recognize thematic connections across the three sub-parts |
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