Psychology 2022 Paper II 50 marks 150 words Compulsory Explain

Q5

Answer the following in about 150 words each : 10×5=50 (a) Explain the concept of social integration citing suitable examples. 10 (b) Discuss the ill effects of Internet addiction among adolescents. Suggest intervention for arresting the same. 10 (c) Discuss the characteristics of entrepreneurial behaviour. 10 (d) Throw light on negative impact of technological growth in our real life. 10 (e) Which principles of psychology are helpful for developing team spirit in sportspersons ? 10

हिंदी में प्रश्न पढ़ें

निम्नलिखित में से प्रत्येक का लगभग 150 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए : (a) उपयुक्त उदाहरणों का हवाला देते हुए सामाजिक एकीकरण की अवधारणा की व्याख्या कीजिए । 10 (b) इंटरनेट की लत लगने से किशोरों पर पड़ने वाले दुष्प्रभावों की चर्चा कीजिए । इसकी रोकथाम हेतु हस्तक्षेप सुझाइए । 10 (c) उद्यमशीलता के व्यवहार की विशेषताओं की चर्चा कीजिए । 10 (d) अपने वास्तविक जीवन में प्रौद्योगिकीय विकास के नकारात्मक प्रभाव पर प्रकाश डालिए । 10 (e) मनोविज्ञान के कौन-से सिद्धांत खिलाड़ियों में टीम भावना विकसित करने में सहायक होते हैं ? 10

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Directive word: Explain

This question asks you to explain. The directive word signals the depth of analysis expected, the structure of your answer, and the weight of evidence you must bring.

See our UPSC directive words guide for a full breakdown of how to respond to each command word.

How this answer will be evaluated

Approach

The directive 'explain' demands conceptual clarity with illustrative support. Allocate approximately 30 words per sub-part (150 words total), spending roughly equal time on each since all carry 10 marks. Structure each part as: definition → elaboration with 1-2 examples → brief conclusion or suggestion where asked. For (b) and (e), ensure the 'suggest' and 'which principles' components receive explicit attention within the tight word limit.

Key points expected

  • (a) Social integration: Define as Durkheim's concept of social cohesion; distinguish from social solidarity; cite Indian examples like tribal integration through Panchayats or urban-rural migration
  • (b) Internet addiction: Identify symptoms per Young's criteria; list ill effects (academic decline, sleep disruption, social withdrawal); suggest interventions (CBT, parental mediation, digital detox)
  • (c) Entrepreneurial behaviour: List characteristics—risk-taking, innovation, need for achievement (McClelland), internal locus of control, resilience; cite Indian entrepreneurs
  • (d) Technological negative impact: Cover deskilling, social isolation, privacy erosion, environmental costs, digital divide; use examples like job displacement or smartphone addiction
  • (e) Team spirit principles: Apply group dynamics (cohesion, social identity theory), leadership (transformational), motivation (goal-setting), communication; cite sports psychology studies or Indian team examples

Evaluation rubric

DimensionWeightMax marksExcellentAveragePoor
Concept correctness20%10Precise definitions across all five parts: Durkheim's social integration distinguished from mechanical/organic solidarity; Young's or Tao's diagnostic criteria for internet addiction; McClelland's nAch for entrepreneurship; technological determinism vs. social constructivism for tech impact; Steiner's model or Carron's cohesion framework for team spiritBroadly accurate definitions with minor errors—e.g., conflating social integration with assimilation, or listing entrepreneurial traits without theoretical grounding; some conceptual blurring between partsFundamental misconceptions such as treating social integration as mere socialisation, or confusing internet addiction with general technology use; entrepreneurship described only as 'business starting'
Theory & studies cited20%10Cites Durkheim (Division of Labour), Young's Internet Addiction Test, McClelland's Achievement Motivation Theory, Sherif's Robbers Cave for team cohesion, and at least one Indian study (e.g., Sharma on adolescent internet use or Udayana on entrepreneurship)Mentions 2-3 theorists correctly but without elaboration; may cite generic 'psychologists say' without names; Indian research absent or inaccurateNo named theories or studies; relies on common-sense assertions; misattributes concepts (e.g., attributing social integration to Weber)
Application examples20%10Contextualised Indian examples: for (a) - SEWA or Kudumbashree integrating women; for (b) - PUBG addiction cases in Indian schools; for (c) - Narayana Murthy or Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw; for (d) - UPI penetration vs. rural digital exclusion; for (e) - Indian cricket team cohesion or hockey's 2021 Olympic performanceGeneric examples (Facebook for addiction, 'some companies' for entrepreneurship) or Western-only illustrations; Indian context missing despite relevanceNo concrete examples; purely abstract treatment; examples factually wrong or irrelevant (e.g., citing social integration in animal behaviour for part a)
Multi-perspective analysis20%10Demonstrates analytical depth: for (a) balances functionalist vs. conflict views on integration; for (b) considers individual, family and systemic factors; for (d) weighs technological determinism against user agency; for (e) integrates cognitive, behavioural and social identity perspectives on team buildingSingle perspective per part; acknowledges complexity in one or two sub-parts only; rest are descriptiveEntirely one-dimensional; no recognition of counter-arguments or alternative explanations; treats all sub-parts as purely factual recall
Conclusion & evaluation20%10Each sub-part concludes with evaluative synthesis: (a) assesses limits of integration policies; (b) evaluates intervention feasibility; (c) contextualises entrepreneurship to Indian economic conditions; (d) proposes balanced technology use; (e) specifies which principle is most critical for Indian sports contextBrief summarising statements without evaluation; conclusions present but generic ('thus we see'); some sub-parts lack closureAbrupt endings with no conclusion; or repetitive restatement of introduction; missing required suggestions in (b) and (e)

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