Q4
(a) In a layout of B.G. Yard, an 8° curve branches off from a 4° main curve in an opposite direction. If speed is restricted to 28·90 km/hr and permissible value of cant deficiency is 7·61 cm, determine the speed restriction on the main line. 15 marks (b) (i) Differentiate between overburnt and underburnt bricks. Why are these bricks not recommended for construction works? 5 marks (ii) List the general factors governing the selection of stone for construction purposes. What considerations would guide in selecting stone for the following use: (I) Face work of a building, and (II) Buildings facing the sea? 10 marks (c) (i) Sketch a cross-section of a masonry wall and show coping, cornice, lintel, jamb and parapet wall in the sketch. Also briefly explain the use of the above parts of a building. 10 marks (ii) Explain the terms eaves, eaves board, common rafters and tie beam with the help of a sketch of cross-section of a slopy roof. Also explain the purpose of tie beam. 10 marks
हिंदी में प्रश्न पढ़ें
(a) एक बी.जी. यार्ड के अभिन्यास में, एक 8° वक्र एक 4° मुख्य वक्र से विपरीत दिशा में पथांतरित होता है । यदि गति 28·90 km/hr तक प्रतिबंधित है और कैंट न्यूनता का अनुज्ञेय मान 7·61 cm है, तो मुख्य लाइन पर गति प्रतिबंध निर्धारित कीजिए । 15 अंक (b) (i) चटका ईंट तथा अधजली ईंट में विभेदीकरण कीजिए । निर्माण कार्यों के लिए इन ईंटों को क्यों अनुशंसित नहीं किया जाता है ? 5 अंक (ii) निर्माण उद्देश्यों के लिए पत्थर के चयन को प्रभावित करने वाले सामान्य कारकों की सूची बनाइए । निम्नलिखित उपयोग के लिए पत्थर के चयन हेतु कौन-से विचार मार्गदर्शित करेंगे : (I) एक भवन के अग्रभाग कार्य, तथा (II) समुद्र के सम्मुख भवन ? 10 अंक (c) (i) एक चिनाई की दीवार के अनुप्रस्थ-पारिच्छेद का रेखांकन कीजिए और उस रेखाचित्र में कोपिंग, कॉर्निस, लिंटेल, जैम्ब तथा पैरापेट भित्ति प्रदर्शित कीजिए । एक भवन के उपर्युक्त भागों के उपयोग की संक्षेप में व्याख्या भी कीजिए । 10 अंक (ii) एक ढालू छत के अनुप्रस्थ-पारिच्छेद के रेखाचित्र की सहायता से ईव्स, ईव्स बोर्ड, कॉमन राफ्टर्स और बंधक धरन (टाई बीम) पदों की व्याख्या कीजिए । बंधक धरन के उद्देश्य की भी व्याख्या कीजिए । 10 अंक
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How this answer will be evaluated
Approach
Begin with the numerical solution for part (a) applying cant deficiency principles for reverse curves, allocating approximately 30% time due to its 15 marks weightage. Follow with descriptive responses for parts (b) and (c), spending roughly 35% on building materials (brick and stone selection) and 35% on architectural elements with sketches, ensuring all five sub-parts are addressed with appropriate depth proportional to their marks.
Key points expected
- Part (a): Application of cant deficiency formula for reverse curves with 8° branch and 4° main curve, calculating permissible speed on main line using D = 0.073 × V²/R relationship
- Part (b)(i): Clear distinction between overburnt (vitrified, distorted, black core) and underburnt (soft, porous, light color) bricks with reasons for rejection in construction
- Part (b)(ii): General factors for stone selection (strength, durability, appearance, workability, cost) plus specific considerations for face work (color, texture, uniformity) and marine environment (salt resistance, weathering)
- Part (c)(i): Accurate cross-section sketch of masonry wall showing coping, cornice, lintel, jamb and parapet with functional explanations for weather protection and structural support
- Part (c)(ii): Cross-section sketch of sloped roof depicting eaves, eaves board, common rafters and tie beam with explanation of tie beam's role in preventing roof spread
Evaluation rubric
| Dimension | Weight | Max marks | Excellent | Average | Poor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Concept correctness | 20% | 10 | Correctly applies cant deficiency principles for reverse curves in (a); accurately distinguishes brick burning states and stone selection criteria in (b); precisely identifies all architectural elements and their functions in (c) | Partially correct application of curve formulas with minor errors in (a); basic differentiation of bricks and general stone factors in (b); most elements identified with some functional confusion in (c) | Fundamental errors in cant deficiency concept or curve geometry; incorrect brick classification or missing stone selection criteria; misidentified or omitted architectural elements |
| Numerical accuracy | 20% | 10 | Precise calculation for part (a) yielding correct speed restriction on main line with proper unit handling and verification of cant deficiency within permissible limits | Correct method but arithmetic errors or unit conversion mistakes; final answer within reasonable range but not exact | Incorrect formula application, wrong substitution, or order-of-magnitude errors; missing calculations or completely wrong numerical result |
| Diagram quality | 20% | 10 | Clear, labeled sketches for both (c)(i) masonry wall cross-section and (c)(ii) roof cross-section with all required elements distinctly shown and properly proportioned | Adequate sketches with most elements present but poor labeling or proportions; one sketch significantly better than the other | Missing sketches, unrecognizable drawings, or failure to show required elements; excessive time on decoration without technical accuracy |
| Step-by-step derivation | 20% | 10 | Systematic derivation in (a) showing cant deficiency relationship, substitution of values, and logical progression to final answer; structured explanations in (b) and (c) with clear sub-part organization | Some steps shown in calculation but jumps in logic; reasonable organization but inconsistent depth across sub-parts | No derivation shown—only final answer; disorganized response mixing sub-parts; missing intermediate steps preventing verification |
| Practical interpretation | 20% | 10 | Relates cant deficiency to actual Indian Railway speed restrictions and safety; connects brick/stone selection to real construction scenarios (e.g., coastal temples, heritage buildings); explains functional importance of each architectural element in building performance | Generic practical mentions without specific examples; basic functional explanations without context of actual construction practice | Purely theoretical response with no practical context; fails to explain why specifications matter in real construction or railway operations |
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