Geography

UPSC Geography 2024

All 16 questions from the 2024 Civil Services Mains Geography paper across 2 papers — 800 marks in total. Each question comes with a detailed evaluation rubric, directive word analysis, and model answer points.

16Questions
800Total marks
2Papers
2024Exam year

Paper I

8 questions · 400 marks
Q1
50M 150w Compulsory elucidate Physical geography - geomorphology, climatology, oceanography, environmental geography

Answer the following in about 150 words each : 10×5=50 (a) What are 'truncated spurs' ? Where and how are they formed ? 10 (b) Formation of temperate cyclone depends on the condit…

Q2
50M examine Mountain building, climate classification, oceanography

(a) Examine the recent views on mountain building process and divide the world mountains on the basis of their genesis. 20 (b) Describe latitudinal distribution of Köppen's classi…

Q3
50M explain Climatology, soil conservation, environmental conservation and biodiversity

(a) Explain air masses and associated weather dynamics. How do air masses influence the weather conditions of the Northern Hemisphere ? 20 (b) "Soil erosion is creeping death." Ex…

Q4
50M describe Environmental conservation, fluvial geomorphology, biodiversity geography

(a) How is carbon neutrality essential for future environmental conservation ? Describe various efforts taken by nations in this regard. 20 (b) What is a Yazoo stream ? Why are Ya…

Q5
50M 150w Compulsory critically examine Human geography approaches, water resources, urban geography, regional development, economic growth models

Answer the following in about 150 words each : 10×5=50 (a) Critically examine the significance of Behavioural Approach in the development of human geography. 10 (b) "While scarcit…

Q6
50M discuss Urbanization in developing world, spatial analysis, geopolitics and Heartland theory

(a) The urbanisation process is particularly pronounced in Asia and Africa, where too many urban residents grapple with extreme poverty, exclusion, vulnerability and marginalisati…

Q7
50M explain Agricultural geography, transnationalism and diaspora, regional planning

(a) Explain the basis of D. Whittlesey's classification of agricultural regions of the world. 20 (b) What is Transnationalism ? Why has the scale and scope of transnational linkag…

Q8
50M describe Settlement geography and Christaller's theory, industrial geography, population geography

(a) What is complementary region ? With reference to hierarchy of settlements, describe the different types of complementary regions as proposed by Christaller. 20 (b) Analyse the…

Paper II

8 questions · 400 marks
Q1
50M 30w Compulsory discuss India map locations and physical geography

On the outline map of India provided to you, mark the location of all of the following. Write in your QCA Booklet the significance of these locations, whether physical/commercial/…

Q2
50M justify Agricultural institutions, space policy and urbanization

(a) Institutional factors are playing a dominant role in controlling the agricultural prosperity in India. Justify with evidences. (20 marks) (b) The Indian Space Policy, 2023 sup…

Q3
50M explain Regional disparities, glaciers and domestic tourism

(a) India has wide-ranging regional disparities in economic development. Explain the patterns, implications and challenges. (20 marks) (b) Discuss the variations in nature of glac…

Q4
50M discuss Migration, tribal development and water scarcity

(a) Migration is the reflection of regional disparities. What socio-economic and demographic consequences are experienced at the place of origin and destination? (20 marks) (b) In…

Q5
50M 150w Compulsory examine Rainfall distribution, races, agricultural technology, drought areas, seaports

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) How are geographic factors influencing the distribution of high annual rainfall in certain parts of India? (b) Indian p…

Q6
50M discuss Industrial waste, demographic structure and water conservation

(a) Industrial waste is diversified. Discuss the potentials and challenges associated with it. (20 marks) (b) How is cultural background of States of India reflected in the attrib…

Q7
50M examine India in global affairs, Panchayati Raj and land fragmentation

(a) India is playing a very significant role in world affairs. Examine the stands taken by India in important global and regional summits. (20 marks) (b) The 73rd Constitutional A…

Q8
50M discuss Urban morphology, health geography and rapid transit systems

(a) How can morphology of Indian towns be described historically? Discuss the major features of the first planned city in India after independence. (20 marks) (b) Health is the ou…

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