General Studies 2025 GS Paper III 10 marks 150 words Compulsory Explain

Q10

The Government of India recently stated that Left Wing Extremism (LWE) will be eliminated by 2026. What do you understand by LWE and how are the people affected by it ? What measures have been taken by the government to eliminate LWE ? (Answer in 150 words) 10

हिंदी में प्रश्न पढ़ें

भारत सरकार ने हाल ही में घोषणा की है कि वामपंथी उग्रवाद (एल डब्ल्यू ई) 2026 तक समाप्त कर दिया जाएगा। आप एल डब्ल्यू ई से क्या समझते हैं तथा जनता इससे किस प्रकार प्रभावित है ? एल डब्ल्यू ई को समाप्त करने के लिए सरकार ने क्या उपाय किए हैं ? (उत्तर 150 शब्दों में दीजिए)

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Directive word: Explain

This question asks you to explain. The directive word signals the depth of analysis expected, the structure of your answer, and the weight of evidence you must bring.

See our UPSC directive words guide for a full breakdown of how to respond to each command word.

How this answer will be evaluated

Approach

The directive 'explain' requires a clear exposition of LWE's nature, its multidimensional impact on affected populations, and a systematic account of government counter-measures. Structure as: brief definition of LWE (20-25 words) → impacts on people (security, development, rights) (50-60 words) → government measures with recent initiatives (50-60 words) → balanced conclusion on 2026 target feasibility (15-20 words).

Key points expected

Definition of LWE as armed Maoist insurgency operating in 'Red Corridor' states (Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha, etc.) with ideology of overthrowing state through violent revolution
Impact on people: civilian casualties, displacement, denial of public services (schools, health centres), extortion, recruitment of tribals/youth, stunted development in LWE districts
Security measures: Operation Green Hunt, SAMADHAN strategy, deployment of CAPF, surrender-cum-rehabilitation policy, LWE affected districts categorization (90 districts in 2023)
Development measures: Road Connectivity Project for LWE areas (RCPLWE), Aspirational Districts Programme, mobile towers, Eklavya schools, PMGAY housing in tribal areas
Recent push: 2026 elimination target, reduced violence incidents (from 1,814 in 2010 to ~500 in 2023), shrinking geographical spread
Critical view: structural issues of tribal land alienation, forest rights implementation gaps, governance deficit remain unaddressed in security-heavy approach

Evaluation rubric

Dimension	Weight	Max marks	Excellent	Average	Poor
Demand-directive understanding	20%	2	Addresses all three components—definition of LWE, people-centric impacts, and government measures—with balanced weightage; recognizes 'explain' requires causal exposition not mere listing	Covers two components adequately but either misses one or gives disproportionate space; treats directive as 'describe' rather than 'explain'	Misses one or more components entirely; confuses LWE with other extremism; fails to distinguish between security and development measures
Content depth & accuracy	20%	2	Precise definition mentioning Maoist ideology/Red Corridor; specific impacts (education disruption, health access denial); accurate scheme names (SAMADHAN, RCPLWE) with recent data on violence reduction	Generic definition; vague impacts like 'people suffer'; mixes up schemes or uses outdated names; no quantitative backing	Factual errors (confusing LWE with North-East insurgency or terrorism); incorrect scheme names; outdated information pre-2015
Structure & flow	20%	2	Clear tripartite structure with visible transitions; 150-word discipline maintained; each paragraph serves distinct function without overlap; logical progression from problem to impact to response	Recognizable structure but uneven sections; some repetition between impacts and measures; word count slightly off	No discernible structure; random information dump; severe imbalance (e.g., 100 words on definition, 20 on measures); exceeds word limit significantly
Examples / case-law / data	20%	2	Specific data: violence incidents trend (2010 vs 2023), district numbers (90 in 2023 vs 106 earlier), geographical shrinkage; mentions specific states (Chhattisgarh's Bastar, Jharkhand's Saranda); recent schemes like Aspirational Blocks Programme 2023	Mentions 'Red Corridor' or '90 districts' without precision; generic reference to 'tribal areas' without state names; no temporal data	No data or examples; or irrelevant examples (Naxalbari 1967 without context); wrong statistics
Conclusion & analytical edge	20%	2	Critical assessment of 2026 target—acknowledges security gains but flags unresolved grievance issues (PESA implementation, forest rights); suggests balanced approach or cautions against premature declaration	Generic optimistic conclusion ('government will succeed'); or purely descriptive ending without evaluation; no engagement with 2026 timeline	No conclusion; abrupt ending; or irrelevant conclusion on general internal security; uncritical acceptance of elimination claim

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