UPSC Geography 2025

Answer the following in about 150 words each: (a) Explain the causes of glacial lake outburst flood. (10 marks) (b) What is solifluction? What are its impacts? (10 marks) (c) What…

(a) How does denudation chronology help in understanding the sequential development of landscapes and landforms? Elucidate. (20 marks) (b) What is deep-sea mining? What are the po…

(a) Examine the formation of atmospheric tricellular circulation system. Describe with example its importance in making the Earth a living planet. (20 marks) (b) What is the 'UN D…

(a) What are the ecological consequences of agricultural deforestation in the Amazon and Congo Basins, particularly concerning biodiversity and climate regulation? (20 marks) (b)…

Answer the following in about 150 words each: (a) Why did the Welfare Approach in Human Geography emerge as a significant perspective in 1970s? (10 marks) (b) What are the key env…

(a) How have dichotomy and dualism affected the methodological development of Geography? Describe. (20 marks) (b) Analyze the role of language and religion in delineating major cu…

(a) Why is oil important for energy security? What is the role of oil in clean energy transition? (20 marks) (b) Critically evaluate the role of primate cities in dominating the u…

(a) Why has F. Perroux's theory of growth pole as a model of regional growth been criticised? Explain with examples. (20 marks) (b) Analyze the role of demographic transition theo…

(a) On the outline map of India provided to you, mark the location of all of the following. Write in your QCA Booklet the significance of these locations, whether physical/commerc…

(a) Explain the factors which contribute to the growth of India's pharmaceutical industry with specific reference to its concentration in western region of India. 20 (b) Why are c…

(a) Why is the pattern of population distribution of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes different in India ? Compare their socio-economic problems with examples. 20 (b) Highlig…

(a) "Socio-political landscape in India is a result of regional consciousness creating inter-state disputes." Discuss with region specific examples. 20 (b) Why cottage industries…

(a) How can rural-urban fringe be delineated ? Explain with suitable examples from India. 10 (b) "Spatial distribution of religious groups in India does not show any specific patt…

(a) Describe the causes of the phenomenon of 'urban heat island'. What are the effective measures to deal with this phenomenon in India ? 20 (b) With reference to the transport an…

(a) Explain the factors that contribute to droughts in India with specific reference to food production, distribution and availability. Can Indian agricultural policies resolve th…

(a) While defining the green architecture, discuss its principles and challenges in response to climate change in India. 20 (b) With reference to typical examples, assess why regi…