Sociology

UPSC Sociology 2022

All 16 questions from the 2022 Civil Services Mains Sociology paper across 2 papers — 800 marks in total. Each question comes with a detailed evaluation rubric, directive word analysis, and model answer points.

16Questions
800Total marks
2Papers
2022Exam year

Paper I

8 questions · 400 marks
Q1
50M 150w Compulsory discuss Scope of sociology, research methodology, social theory

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) Delimit the scope of Sociology in relation to other social sciences. (10 marks) (b) How does a researcher achieve objec…

Q2
50M elaborate Enlightenment and sociology, sampling techniques, social mobility

(a) What aspects of 'Enlightenment' do you think paved way for the emergence of sociology ? Elaborate. (20 marks) (b) Explain the different types of non-probability sampling techn…

Q3
50M critically examine Positivism vs non-positivism, anomie theory, focus group methodology

(a) What are the shortfalls of positivist philosophy that gave rise to the non-positivist methods of studying social reality ? (20 marks) (b) Critically examine how Durkheim and M…

Q4
50M critically assess Marx on alienation, social stratification, research reliability

(a) What characterizes degradation of work in capitalist society according to Marx ? (20 marks) (b) Social stratification is claimed to contribute to the maintenance of social ord…

Q5
50M 150w Compulsory critically examine Religion, family, feminization of work, secularization, development

Write short answers of the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) Critically examine the relevance of Durkheim's views on religion in contemporary society. (10 marks) (b…

Q6
50M explain Mead's theory of self, identity politics, little and great tradition

(a) According to Mead the idea of self develops when the individual becomes self-conscious. Explain. (20 marks) (b) Analyse the nature of transition from ideology to identity poli…

Q7
50M critically analyse Parsons' social system theory, environmentalism, pressure groups

(a) Critically analyse Parsons views on society as a social system. (20 marks) (b) Discuss how 'environmentalism' can be explained with new social movements approach. (20 marks) (…

Q8
50M comment Science and technology democratization, traditional institutions, patriarchy and development

(a) Sociologists argue for democratization of science and technology for inclusive development. Comment. (20 marks) (b) Are traditional social institutions getting weakened as age…

Paper II

8 questions · 400 marks
Q1
50M 150w Compulsory elaborate Indian society - multiple themes

Write short answers, with a sociological perspective, on the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) Elaborate on M.N. Srinivas's structural-functionalist approach to the…

Q2
50M critically examine Indian sociology - Ghurye, caste, minorities

(a) Critically examine G.S. Ghurye's Indological approach to the understanding of Indian society. (20 marks) (b) Elaborate on the changing nature of caste system with suitable ill…

Q3
50M critically examine Modernisation, patriarchy, untouchability

(a) Critically examine Yogendra Singh's thesis on 'Modernisation of Indian Tradition'. (20 marks) (b) Discuss the material basis of patriarchy as an ideological system. (20 marks)…

Q4
50M examine Nationalism, land reforms, village studies

(a) Examine the social background of growth of Indian nationalism. (20 marks) (b) Explain how land reforms brought about desired agrarian transformation. (20 marks) (c) Discuss th…

Q5
50M 150w Compulsory discuss Contemporary India - multiple themes

Write short answers, with a sociological perspective, on the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) Discuss law as an important instrument for women's empowerment. (10 m…

Q6
50M examine Rural bondage, ethnicity, political elites

(a) Examine whether rural bondage still continues to be a social reality. Give your argument. (20 marks) (b) Define ethnicity. Discuss the factors responsible for the growth of et…

Q7
50M discuss Education, migration, slums

(a) "Instead of promoting equality in society, the present system of education itself has contributed to increased socio-economic disparities." Comment. (20 marks) (b) Discuss rec…

Q8
50M critically examine Dalit movements, development-environment, industrial working class

(a) Bring out the various issues involved in Dalit movements in India. (20 marks) (b) Critically examine the dialectics between 'development' and 'environment'. (20 marks) (c) Dis…

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