UPSC Zoology 2021

Write notes in about 150 words each for Q. Nos. 1(a) to 1(d) and answer Q. No. 1(e) : (a) Canal system in sponges (10 marks) (b) Nematocysts of Aurelia (10 marks) (c) Trochophore…

(a) What is metamorphosis? Describe the hormonal regulation of metamorphosis in insects. (20 marks) (b) What is alternation of generations? Illustrate this phenomenon with life hi…

(a) What is hypothalamo-pituitary axis? Draw a well-labelled diagram of pituitary gland and describe the functions of its hormones. (20 marks) (b) Define nephridium. Describe the…

(a) Define double circulation. Give a comparative account of heart in reptiles, birds and mammals. (20 marks) (b) Describe habitat, habits and life history of Branchiostoma. (15 m…

Write notes on the following in about 150 words each : (a) Vermiculture (10 marks) (b) FISH (10 marks) (c) Biological clock (10 marks) (d) Ecological succession (10 marks) (e) Bio…

(a) Define correlation. Explain its types and methods of computing coefficient of correlation. (20 marks) (b) Write a note on ecological pyramids with suitable examples. (15 marks…

(a) What is transgenesis? Describe the methods and applications of transgenesis in animals. (20 marks) (b) Describe the principle and applications of polymerase chain reaction (PC…

(a) Define ecosystem. Discuss the structure and functions of ecosystem. (20 marks) (b) What is apiculture? Describe the various methods of beekeeping and also add a note on the us…

Write your answer in about 150 words for each of the following : 10×5=50 (a) Describe the requirement of proteins for the initiation of transcription in an eukaryote. 10 (b) What…

(a) What is cell cycle ? Draw an overview of molecular events during cell cycle. Discuss the role of protein kinases in the regulation of meiotic cell cycle. 20 (b) Lysosomes are…

(a) What is chromosome mutation ? Describe various types of polyploidy with suitable examples. Add a note on phenotypic effects of polyploidy. 20 (b) What is chromosome theory of…

(a) What is isolation ? Describe the major isolating mechanisms which lead to speciation. 20 (b) Enlist theories of origin of life. Explain the theory of biochemical evolution pro…

Write your answer in about 150 words for each of the following : 10×5=50 (a) Fatty acids regulate the nature of lipids, justify. 10 (b) Define coenzyme. Explain the role of coenzy…

(a) What are peptide hormones ? With the help of schematic diagram, discuss the epinephrine cascade for the glucose release from hepatocytes. 20 (b) Cyclic AMP is a second messeng…

(a) Explain the basic stimuli causing pancreatic secretion. Discuss the role of pancreas in major food digestion. 20 (b) Explain the transport of oxygen in blood. Discuss the fact…

(a) What are morphogens ? Describe the cellular differentiation during morphogenesis. 20 (b) What are gap junction proteins ? Discuss the roles of connexins in cellular interactio…