UPSC Geology 2023

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) Describe the tectonic features and evolution of the 'continental crust'. (10 marks) (b) Describe the physical and chemi…

(a) Describe the types of radiometric dating techniques used to establish the age of the Earth. (20 marks) (b) Discuss the different types of interaction of electromagnetic radiat…

(a) Elucidate the types of glacier and illustrate the erosional and depositional features produced by the valley-glaciers. (20 marks) (b) Discuss the origin, composition and class…

(a) What is a Shear Zone ? Describe the different Shear Sense indicators. (20 marks) (b) Enumerate the Shepard's classification of coast's and briefly describe the marine cycle of…

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) Enumerate the different types of siwalik fauna and discuss their palaeoecology. (10 marks) (b) Define fossil and give e…

(a) Elucidate an evolutionary trend of Equidae with Indian occurrence. (20 marks) (b) Discuss the pre-cambrian/cambrian boundary with Indian examples. (15 marks) (c) What is "Rain…

(a) Describe the stratigraphic sequence of Dharwar Supergroup and add a note on its economic importance. (20 marks) (b) Elucidate the different types of microfossils and add a not…

(a) Discuss briefly how do chemical, physical and bacteriological properties determine the usability of ground-water. (20 marks) (b) Establish the ocean palaeobathymetry using mar…

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) How are the symmetry elements in a crystal of class 6/m 2/m 2/m oriented with respect to its crystallographic axes? (10…

(a) How does the Bragg equation explain X-ray diffraction from a crystal? (20 marks) (b) How does Si-O polymerism help to classify silicate minerals? Give one example for each of…

(a) Describe the changes in crystallized solid composition in albite-anorthite system at 1 atm pressure during cooling of a liquid of An₅₀ composition from 1500 °C temperature. (2…

(a) Classify the conglomerate rocks on the basis of clast composition and grain-matrix ratio and discuss their genetic importance. (20 marks) (b) Briefly describe the mechanisms o…

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) Explain the process of manganese nodules formation and give their major occurrences in the world. (10 marks) (b) Descri…

(a) Describe the formation of Banded Iron Formation (BIF) during Precambrian metallogenic epoch. Write a note on the Indian BIF deposits. (20 marks) (b) Discuss the late magmatic…

(a) Give an account of external changes in flora due to the presence of anomalous concentration of base metal in a terrain. (20 marks) (b) Explain the principle for flotation as a…

(a) Discuss the causes of various seismic discontinuities in the upper mantle. (20 marks) (b) Discuss the composition, source, types, environmental hazard and utility of fly ash.…