Public Administration

UPSC Public Administration 2025

All 16 questions from the 2025 Civil Services Mains Public Administration paper across 2 papers — 800 marks in total. Each question comes with a detailed evaluation rubric, directive word analysis, and model answer points.

16Questions
800Total marks
2Papers
2025Exam year

Paper I

8 questions · 400 marks
Q1
50M 150w Compulsory explain Public Choice, decision-making, media accountability, administrative principles, administrative law

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) Imperfect market and political factors limit the application of Public Choice approach. Explain. (10 marks) (b) The fin…

Q2
50M examine New Public Management, New Public Governance, Mary Parker Follett, socio-psychological approach, Public Private Partnership

(a) New Public Management has actually been a transitory state in evolution from traditional Public Administration to what is here called New Public Governance. Examine. (20 marks…

Q3
50M discuss Leadership in conflict, rule of law foundations, checks and balances

(a) In conflict situations in organizations, leadership migrates to the aggressive and relegates the emotionally matured to the background. Discuss. (20 marks) (b) The foundations…

Q4
50M explain Delegated legislation, administrative discretion, leadership accountability, bureaucracy theory

(a) "Delegated legislation should be clear and should confine to the limits determined by the legislature." In light of the statement explain how misuse of administrative discreti…

Q5
50M 150w Compulsory discuss E-governance, neo-liberal taxation, policy analysis, civil service ethics, women empowerment

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) E-advocacy model of e-governance can facilitate democratization of public policy making. Discuss. (10 marks) (b) Neo-li…

Q6
50M analyse Riggs's industria, state role in development, affirmative action in public services

(a) F. W. Riggs's 'industria'-interdependent economy is a precursor for some features of post-modern Public Administration. Analyse. (20 marks) (b) The role and responsibility of…

Q7
50M elaborate LPG and NPM paradox, comparative public administration approaches, competency mapping

(a) The objective of Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization and of New Public Management was to limit government functions and reduce public expenditure. However both fun…

Q8
50M discuss Civil society and state, tacit knowledge in policy making, management aid tools

(a) The effectiveness of civil society in development process is only when state institutions are receptive to inputs from the civil society organizations. Discuss. (20 marks) (b)…

Paper II

8 questions · 400 marks
Q1
50M 150w Compulsory comment Kautilya, NITI Aayog, gender equality, District Collector, field organizations

Answer the following in about 150 words each: (a) Arthashastra of Kautilya means the science of economics of livelihood of the people. Comment. (10 marks) (b) Trace the reasons fo…

Q2
50M analyse Colonial legacy, fiscal federalism, cooperative federalism

(a) "The colonial legacy is responsible for many administrative problems in independent India as the role of company agents and traders evolved into Magistrates, Governors and Civ…

Q3
50M examine Constitutional governance, liberalization and public enterprises, Centre-State relations

(a) While the Constitution offers a strong framework for decentralized and accountable governance, the real test lies in how institutions, civil society and citizens uphold consti…

Q4
50M discuss District reorganization, Secretariat-Directorate relations, decentralized planning

(a) Experience of various States suggests that reorganization of districts was prompted more by politico-populist convenience rather than ease of administration. Discuss. (20 mark…

Q5
50M 150w Compulsory evaluate Cyber security, guillotine budget, new localism, Gram Sabha, GeM

Answer the following in about 150 words each: (a) Low cyber awareness among officials is causing cyber security issues in the administration. Comment. (10 marks) (b) The 'guilloti…

Q6
50M discuss CPGRAMS, Aadhaar, Smart and Community Policing

(a) Centralized Public Grievance Redress and Monitoring System (CPGRAMS) does not effectively address local level issues. Give your opinion. (20 marks) (b) Do you think 'Aadhaar'…

Q7
50M examine Women in local government, budget implications, Government Process Reengineering

(a) Many elected women representatives in local governments in India, especially from marginalized backgrounds, often struggle to govern effectively. Examine. (20 marks) (b) Budge…

Q8
50M explain Metropolitan governance, training vs capacity building, AI in disaster management

(a) Metropolitan cities are providing major portions of national wealth, but their governance is fraught with intricate institutional relationships. Explain. (20 marks) (b) Traini…

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