UPSC Sociology 2025

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) What is common sense? How are common knowledge and sociology related to each other? Explain. (10 marks) (b) What is the…

(a) What is positivism? Critically analyze the major arguments against it. (20 marks) (b) Highlight the main features of historical materialism as propounded by Marx. How far is t…

(a) Compare capability deprivation approach with that of social capital deprivation in understanding chronic poverty. (20 marks) (b) Are pressure groups a threat to or a necessary…

(a) Give an account of the recent trends of marriage in the Indian context. How are these different from traditional practices? (20 marks) (b) What would you identify as the simil…

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) In what way is the scope of sociology unique? Explain. (10 marks) (b) Does the structural-functionalist perspective on…

(a) What is science? Do you think that the methods used in natural sciences can be applied to sociology? Give reasons for your answer. (20 marks) (b) What do you understand by gen…

(a) What is sampling in the context of social research? Discuss different forms of sampling with their relative advantages and disadvantages. (20 marks) (b) How do theories of Mar…

(a) What do you understand by sustainable development? Discuss the elements of sustainable development as proposed in the UNDP's Sustainable Development Goals Report-2015. (20 mar…

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) 'Textual perspective is important in understanding of Indian Social System.' Discuss. (10 marks) (b) Justify that the I…

(a) Do you think that in a society like India orthogenetic changes take place through differentiation? Do you observe continuities in the orthogenetic process? Elaborate your answ…

(a) What do you mean by nation building? What is the role of religion in nation building? Elaborate your answer. (20 marks) (b) Do you think that new economic reforms of British r…

(a) Who is said to be the pioneer of village studies in India? Illustratively describe contributions of some Indian sociologists on village studies. How their approaches are disti…

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) 'The transfer of land from cultivating to the non-cultivating owners is bringing about transformation in Indian society…

(a) In what respects have the constitutional provisions changed the socio-economic and political conditions of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in India? Critically examine.…

(a) What are the Private and Public network and support systems operative in Indian society for the aged? Suggest measures to curb down the challenges before care givers of the ag…

(a) Is it possible to have sustainable development in India? Cite major environmental issues and suggest a few measures to achieve the sustainability. (20 marks) (b) Do you think…