UPSC Zoology 2025

Write short notes on/Answer the following in about 150 words each: 10×5=50 (a) Metagenesis (b) Book lungs (c) Paedomorphosis (d) Torsion and detorsion in gastropods (e) Draw a wel…

(a) Describe the comparative anatomy of digestive system in vertebrates. 20 (b) Give an illustrated account of reproduction in sponges. 15 (c) Describe the general features, distr…

(a) Describe the mechanism of parental care in amphibians with suitable examples. 20 (b) Describe the different stages of life cycle of Pheretima with the help of suitable diagram…

(a) Draw a well-labelled diagram of testis and ovary in mammals, and discuss the functions of their hormones. 20 (b) Give an illustrated account of skull types in reptiles. 15 (c)…

Write short notes on the following in about 150 words each: 10×5=50 (a) Biodiversity hot spots (b) Navigation in birds (c) Sickle cell anaemia (d) Circadian rhythms (e) Biome

(a) Define air pollution. Explain the types, sources, consequences and control measures of air pollution. 20 (b) Define pheromones. Discuss the role of pheromones in alarm spreadi…

(a) What is Student's t-test and its significance in biological research? Write the formula of t-test and its various steps using simple data. 20 (b) Explain the principle, instru…

(a) What do you mean by infectious and communicable diseases? Mention the causative agent and means of spread of filaria. Also describe the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prev…

Write on the following in about 150 words each : 10×5=50 (a) Protein sorting in Golgi apparatus (10 marks) (b) Structure and function of Lampbrush chromosome (10 marks) (c) Sympto…

(a)(i) Describe composition of plasma membrane. (10 marks) (a)(ii) Differentiate between facilitated and passive diffusion across the membrane with examples. (10 marks) (b) Explai…

(a)(i) Describe the synthetic theory of evolution. (10 marks) (a)(ii) Describe common types of mimicry in insects with suitable examples. (10 marks) (b) Discuss the process of cha…

(a) Describe the steps of constructing a recombinant DNA and its cloning. (20 marks) (b) Discuss the major morphological modifications during horse evolution. (15 marks) (c) Write…

Write on the following in about 150 words each : 10×5=50 (a) Block to polyspermy (10 marks) (b) Fate map of frog embryo (10 marks) (c) Activation energy based mechanism of enzyme…

(a)(i) Write down the reactions that produce NADH during Krebs cycle. (10 marks) (a)(ii) Explain the role of proton gradient in oxidative ATP synthesis. (10 marks) (b) Describe ch…

(a)(i) Explain sigmoidal nature of oxygen dissociation curve for hemoglobin. (10 marks) (a)(ii) Describe differences between adult and fetal hemoglobin and comment on their physio…

(a) Describe the stages of fertilization in chick with diagram. (20 marks) (b) Draw structure of cholesterol and explain its role in health and diseases. (15 marks) (c) Discuss th…