UPSC Philosophy 2022

(a) How does Plato use the theory of forms to establish the relation between epistemology and metaphysics ? Discuss. (10 marks) (b) What is Bertrand Russell's method of logical an…

(a) Provide a critical account of Heidegger's Being-in-the-world and discuss the problem of 'authenticity' in the context of Dasein. (20 marks) (b) Is Aristotle's view of nature o…

(a) How does Kant construct antinomies to illustrate the illusory tendencies of pure reason ? Explain and examine the antinomies presented by Kant. (20 marks) (b) What is the dial…

(a) How does Soren Kierkegaard define the notion of 'subjectivity'? Explain it with reference to three stages of existence as propounded by him. (20 marks) (b) How does Rene Desca…

(a) Examine and evaluate the proofs given by Sāmkhya philosophy to prove the existence of Puruṣa. (10 marks) (b) What is the ontological status of Sāmānya, according to Vaiśeṣika…

(a) How compatible is Buddhist theory of momentariness with their theory of Karma? In this regard how do Buddhists respond to objections raised by their opponents? Critically disc…

(a) Inspite of accepting the intrinsic validity of knowledge, why and how Prabhākara and Kumārila differ in their interpretation of erroneous cognition ? Discuss. (20 marks) (b) E…

(a) 'Brahma satyam jaganmithyā, jivo Brahmaiva nāparaḥ'. In the light of this statement explain the ontological status of Īśvara, Jīva and Sākṣī as elucidated in Advaita Vedānta.…

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) Discuss the role of enlightenment movement in the rise of humanism. (10 marks) (b) In the age of individualism and univ…

(a) What arguments does Bodin present to contend that sovereignty must be absolute, perpetual and undivided? Is Bodin's conception of sovereignty compatible with the social and po…

(a) Do you agree that economic development does not on its own lead to human development and social progress? Give reasons and justifications for your answer. (20 marks) (b) Discu…

(a) Discuss propaganda as a challenge to democratic form of government. (20 marks) (b) Does idea of unconditional rights necessarily lead to anarchy? Critically examine. (15 marks…

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) Write an essay on Spinoza's notion of God and His attributes. (10 marks) (b) "One can have morality without religion bu…

(a) Present a critical exposition of different arguments offered by St. Thomas Aquinas to prove the existence of God also known as 'Five Ways'. Which one of them do you find philo…

(a) "An unquestionable acceptance of only one Absolute Truth will inevitably result in religious exclusivism." Discuss. (20 marks) (b) Is it possible to have an idea of Liberation…

(a) Discuss the main points of distinction between a priori and a posteriori arguments for the existence of God. Which one according to you should be preferred over the other? Giv…