UPSC Geography 2026

Answer the following in about 150 words each : (a) What is 'Helical' flow ? How Helical flow accounts for meander modifications ? (10 marks) (b) Define 'pseudo monsoon' and explai…

(a) "Environmental geomorphology deals with the impact of natural landforms and processes." Elucidate with suitable examples. (20 marks) (b) Discuss the potential consequences of…

(a) Describe the general characteristics and structure of a thunderstorm and suggest suitable classification of thunderstorm. (20 marks) (b) Anthropogenic impacts have caused majo…

(a) How does the annual variations in temperature and precipitation influence plants growth, development and distribution ? How do animals cope up with variations in climate ? (20…

Answer the following in about 150 words each : (a) “Systematic Geography is essentially analytical and makes generic concepts and Universal Laws.” Elucidate with examples. (10 mar…

(a) Discuss the Geometry of Land Values in Urban Community and delimiting the Central Business District (CBD) in detail. (20 marks) (b) Analyse the measuring patterns of settlemen…

(a) What are the main concerns of radical geography ? Describe the salient features and objectives of radicalism in geography. (20 marks) (b) Discuss agricultural productivity and…

(a) What are the principles of urban planning ? Critically analyse town planning in India in the post independence period. (20 marks) (b) What are the approaches of human developm…

(a) On the outline map of India provided to you, mark the location of all of the following. Write in your QCA Booklet the significance of these locations, whether physical / comme…

(a) The relationship between El Niño and the Indian monsoon is becoming complex under the conditions of global warming. Critically examine. (20 marks) (b) Discuss the role of the…

(a) Examine the causes and consequences of crop diversification in India. How can crop diversification contribute to sustainable agriculture? (20 marks) (b) India's vulnerability…

(a) Analyse the spatial distribution of India's automobile industry. How have the clusters like Chennai, Pune and Gurugram emerged as key auto-hubs ? (20 marks) (b) Describe the r…

(a) Analyse the consequences of circular migration in India. How does it influence both rural development and the urban economy ? (10 marks) (b) Explain the government initiatives…

(a) Examine the trends in fertility rates across Indian states over time. How are they projected to evolve by 2050 ? (20 marks) (b) Soil and water conservation are the major chall…

(a) Why is it difficult to improve the quality of air during the winter season in the Gangetic plain ? Critically evaluate with suitable examples. (20 marks) (b) Deforestation in…

(a) Critically examine the strategic, economic and ecological impacts of the proposed ‘Great Nicobar Project’. (20 marks) (b) Poor road infrastructure and inadequate public transp…