UPSC Political Science & IR 2026

Write on the following in about 150 words each : (a) Resurgence of political theory (10 marks) (b) Post-colonial theory of State (10 marks) (c) The freedom of the pike is death to…

(a) “Rights of the man are separate and independent of the State.” Critically analyze the perspective of Laski. (20 marks) (b) “Fortune favours the brave.” In the light of this st…

(a) Mill’s work was crucial to the development of liberalism, because it straddled the divide between classical and modern theories. Analyze. (20 marks) (b) Wollstonecraft develop…

(a) “Representative democracy is not an absolute principle, rather a question of time, place and circumstances.” Analyze the statement. Mention the major challenges to representat…

Answer the following in about 150 words each : (a) How did Swadeshi grow into a demand for Swaraj? (10 marks) (b) The Constitution of India was secular even before the word was in…

(a) From passive resistors to armed revolutionaries, the Indian Freedom Struggle has a strong imprint of women freedom fighters. Elucidate. (20 marks) (b) When there are multiple…

(a) Elucidate the prominent trends in voting behaviour in contemporary India, and discuss how astroturfing affects the scenario. (20 marks) (b) Highlight any five constitutional p…

(a) Discuss the causes and consequences of inter-State water disputes in India. (20 marks) (b) Critically comment on the shifts in the functioning of the Indian Parliament in the…

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each : (a) Criticism of the institutional approach in comparative political analysis has come up in successive waves. Comment. (1…

(a) Discuss the factors responsible for the changing nature of states in contemporary industrial societies and explain its impact. (20 marks) (b) International Human Rights framew…

(a) NATO, the oldest surviving collective security system, is facing challenge of transactional coercion from its own biggest member. What future does NATO have amidst such develo…

(a) QUAD requires more robust architecture than the summit driven mode to tide over the current challenges. Elaborate. (20 marks) (b) How did the Council of Mutual Economic Assist…

Answer the following questions in about 150 words each : (a) Describe India's objections to agricultural negotiations at the World Trade Organisation. (10 marks) (b) What strategi…

(a) Accelerating of Chinese influence across South Asia is fundamentally reshaping the region's geopolitical landscape. This is a big foreign policy challenge for India. Analyse.…

(a) How does illegal cross border migration pose challenges to India's security? Discuss the steps taken by the government in this direction and their effectiveness. (20 marks) (b…

(a) Critically evaluate India-Russia relations in the 21st century. How have both the countries responded to America meddling in their relations in the recent times. (20 marks) (b…